Heart disease remains the No. 1 killer in America; nearly half of all Americans have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or smoke—some of the leading risk factors for heart disease…
—Murphy et al., 2018
Despite the high mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disorders, improved treatment options do exist that can help address those risk factors that afflict the majority of the population today.
As an advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to recommend appropriate treatment options for patients with cardiovascular disorders. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, advanced practice nurses must consider aspects that might influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes such as medical history, other drugs currently prescribed, and individual patient factors.
Reference: Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db328.htm
To Prepare
- Review the Resources for this module and consider the impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders introduced in the media piece.
- Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
- Select one the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior factors.
- Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
- Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy.
- Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide an alternative treatment option for the patient.
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 2:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
- Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
- Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
- Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.
SOLUTION:
Impact of Pharmacotherapeutics for Cardiovascular disorders
Factors to consider: Age
Pharmacokinetic Process
Pharmacodynamic Process
How changes can impact drug therapy
How to improve patient’s drug therapy
Modify or provide alternative treatment
About 20% of adults aged 85 years and older have multiple cardiac, non-cardiac and geriatric syndrome co-morbidities. Additionally, age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics influence medication therapy.Hence, the management of older patients with cardiovascular disorders is challenging and treatment should be modified in the light of the above-mentioned conditions (Alagiakrishnanetal, 2003).
In the Framingham cohort in the US, nearly 75% of participants aged 80 years or older were hypertensive, and more than 60% had stage 2 hypertension. Older people (≥ 60 years) benefit from antihypertensive treatment because it reduces mortality and the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction. These benefits can also be seen in very old patients, but less clearly in frail older people with multimorbidity and polypharmacy (Sommeraueretal, 2017). Having cardiovascular Disease with diabetes-cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in diabetics, and a number of variables, including hypertension, contribute to this high CVD prevalence. When comparing people with diabetes to those who do not have the illness, hypertension is about twice as common. Recent research, on the other hand, suggests that hypertension people are more likely than normotensive people to acquire diabetes………………KINDLY CLICK ON THE LINK BELOW TO ACCESS THE ENTIRE SOLUTION FOR $12